The proposed study seeks to address the question whether HIV/AIDS has had any effect on local government effectiveness in India’s north-eastern Region. The reason for this focus on India’s two north-eastern states (Manipur and Nagaland) stems from the fact that these are two of the six high prevalent or generalized epidemic states in the country. In addition, both states are plagued by insurgency and an already fragile state apparatus that potentially may be affected by high prevalence rates. In order to assess the impact of the disease on the effectiveness of local government, the study attempts to measure and quantify wherever possible its impact on local elected bodies, military and police, health care services and the education system.